COFEEE
HISTORY
The earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree appears in the middle of the 15th century in the accounts of Ahmed al-Ghaffar in Yemen. It was here in Arabia that coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed, in a similar way to how it is prepared now. Coffee was used by Sufi circles to stay awake for their religious rituals. Accounts differ on the origin of the coffee plant prior to its appearance in Yemen. From Ethiopia, coffee could have been introduced to Yemen via trade across the Red Sea.One account credits Muhammad Ibn Sa'd for bringing the beverage to Aden from the African coast.
Other early accounts say Ali ben Omar of the Shadhili Sufi
order was the first to introduce coffee
to Arabia.] According
to al Shardi, Ali ben Omar may have encountered coffee during his stay with
the Adal king Sadadin's
companions in 1401. Famous 16th-century Islamic scholar Ibn Hajar al-Haytami notes in his writings
of a beverage called qahwa developed from a tree in the Zeila region.Coffee
was first exported out of Ethiopia to Yemen by Somali merchants from Berbera and Zeila, which was procured
form Harar and
the Abyssinian interior. According to Captain Haines, who was the colonial
administrator of Aden (1839-1854),
Mocha historically imported up to two-thirds of their coffee from Berbera-based
merchants before the coffee trade
of Mocha was captured by British-controlled Aden in the 19th century.
Thereafter, much of the Ethiopian coffee was exported to Aden via Berbera.
Berbera not
only supplies Aden with horned cattle and sheep to a very large extent, but the
trade between Africa and Aden is steadily increasing greatly every year. In the
article of coffee alone there is considerable export, and ' Berbera' coffee
stands in the Bombay market now before Mocha. The coffee shipped at Berbera
comes from far in the interior from Hurrar, Abyssinia, and Kaffa. It will be to
the advantage of all that the trade should come to Aden through one port, and
Berbera is the only place on the coast there that has a protected port, where
vessels can lie in smooth water.
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